Surgery Subspecialties:
Hospice and Palliative Medicine:
Hospice Medicine is end-of-life medicine to help make the patient more comfortable and to ease the suffering. Palliative Medicine is a unique area of health care that has goals to relieve and prevent the suffering of all patients. Palliative Medicine uses a multi-factorial approach to caring for patient and relies on advice from the doctors, chaplains, nurses, social workers and other health care professionals if planning how to care for a patient.
Pediatric Surgery:
Pediatric Surgery is a sub-division of surgery. It involves the surgery of fetuses, infants, children, adolescents and young people. Pediatric Surgeons practice in children's hospitals.
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery:
In a general term, is the use of surgery to fix the form and function of the body. Maxillo-Facial and Plastic Surgeon do reconstructive surgery on the face and reconstruct the neck and head after cancer. Reconstructive plastic surgeons utilize the concept of a reconstructive ladder to deal with increasingly complex wounds.
Surgery:
This area of medicine is concerned with the specific treatment of disease, deformity and injury by physical operation. Most hospital have a surgical unit. Specific units might be Gastroentology, General, Oncology or Cardiovascular Surgery.
Surgery of the Hand:
This deals with surgical and non-surgical treatment of various conditions and issues that take place in the hand, including injury and infection. Hand surgery can be performed by plastic surgeons, orthopedic surgeons and general surgeons. Hand surgeons complete a large variety of operations including fracture repairs, releases, transfer and repair or tendons and reconstruction of injuries, congenital defects and rheumatoid deformities.
Surgical Critical Care:
Is the management of surgical patients with critical illness. Within this surgical unit a team of critical care specialists manage the needs of patients. This includes pre-operative optimization, operative interventions and post-operative care.
Surgical Oncology:
This branch of surgery focuses on surgically managing cancer. Surgical Oncology is a specialty that is similar to medical oncology. Which grew from hematology and radiation oncology.
Trauma Surgery:
Trauma Surgery is a surgical specialty focusing on the treatment of physical injuries, normally in an emergency setting. Often trauma surgeons complete residency training in general surgery. Further training through fellowship normally occurs in surgical critical care.
Vascular Surgery:
Vascular Surgery is a specialty of surgery where diseases of the vascular system are managed by medical therapy, catheter procedures and surgical reconstruction. Vascular Surgery emerged from general and cardiac surgery. A team of health professionals work together within this specialty of surgery.